Past Perfect Tense

অতীত কালে দুটি কাজ সম্পূর্ণ হলে যে কাজটি আগে হয় সেটি past perfect tense হয় এবং যে কাজটি পরে হয় সেটি past indefinite tense হয়।

The past perfect tense indicates two works that were completed in the past; past indefinite tense is used in the second or later action.

বাংলায় চেনার উপায়: বাংলায় ক্রিয়ার শেষে ছিল, ছিলাম, ছিলে, ছিলেন, ল, লাম, লে, লেন, তাম, তে, অথবা, তেন, ইত্যাদি থাকলে সাধারণত past tense হয়ে থাকে।  

Example:

• The train had left before I ate - আমি খাওয়ার আগেই ট্রেন ছেড়ে দিয়েছিল।
• He had come home before I went to school - আমি স্কুলে যাওয়ার পূর্বেই সে বাড়ি এসেছিল।
• The students had left the class before the bell rang - ঘন্টা পরার পূর্বেই ছাত্রছাত্রীরা ক্লাস ত্যাগ করেছিল।

Structure of the sentence: auxiliary verb ‘had,’ and past participle form of the verb is used as the main verb.

Positive sentence:

Structure 1:

Subject + had + past participle form of the verb + object.

Structure 2:

1st Subject + had + past participle form of the verb + object (if any) + before + 2nd subject + past form of the verb + 2nd object

Structure 3:

2nd subject + past form of the verb + 2nd object (if any)+ after+1st Subject + had + past participle form of the verb    

Example:

• He had done this assignment last week. (1st structure)
• The students had stood up before the teacher came.
• The patient died after the doctor had come.

Negative sentence:

Subject + had not + past participle form of verb + object.

Example:

• I had not watched the movie.
• He had not reached the station.
• They had not told me anything before the viva started.

Interrogative sentence:

Yes/no sentence: Had + subject + past participle form of the verb + object +?

‘Wh’ question: Wh-word + had + past participle form of the verb + object +?

Example:

• Had you finished the work before his presentation?
• Had he caught the cat before she drank the milk?
• Why had you broken the glass?
• What had you done before I came home?